All I have Learnt in Information Technology

        This semester has been so so interesting, I have learnt a lot of things in this course I am offering called information technology. One of which is this my awesome blog I had to open as a requirement for this course TRM 308.

Information technology makes the world go round, as we all know that the whole world is a computer village and for one to survive one must be computer literate. This course is being handled by DR. E. E OKONKOWO and below are the things I have learnt this semester;

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Information technology is the study of design, development, implementation, support or management of computer based system especially hardware and software.

HISTORY OF ICT

The term IT came about in the year 1970s. its basic concept however can be traced back even further throughout the 20th century. its alliance wit military and various industries has resulted to the development of electronic computers and informatin theories. the military has historically driven such research by providing motivation and funding for innovation in the field of mechanization and computing. the first commercial computer was the UNNAC. it was designed by J. prespor Eikert and JOhn Macaily for the U.S census bureau. the later 70s saw to the rise of micro computers followed by IBM personal computer in 1981. since then, four generation represented a step that was characterized by hardware of decreased size and capacity increase the first vacuum tubes, the second transitors, and the third in integrated circuit. the fourth and current uses more complex systems such as very large scale integration.

ICT TODAY

Today, the term IT has balloned to encompass many aspect of computing and technology and it is more recognisable than ever before the IT umbrella can be quite large, covering many fields. IT professional reform a variety of duties that range from installing Apps to designing complex computer networka and information data log profession perform include:

i. Data Management

ii. Computer Networking

iii. Database System Design

iv. Software Design

v. Management Information System

vi. Systems Management

COMPUTER

It is a machine for manipulating data according to a list of functions. it takes many physical forms, early electronic computers were the size of a large room consuming as much power as a severely hundred modern PC. Today, computers can be made small enough to fit into a wrist watch and be powered from a watch battery.

TYPES OF COMPUTER

i. Analogue Computer

ii. Digital Computer

iii. Hybrid Computer

CLASSIFICATION OF DIGITAL COMPUTER ACCORDING TO THEIR SIZES

i. Mainframe Computer

ii. Mini Computer

iii. Micro Computer

iv. Super Micro Computer

v. Hybrid Computer

OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)

        Fortunately for me, I was grouped to present an assignment and a presentation on this topic. Operating system is a set of computer programmes that manage the hardware, firmware and software resources of a computer. It controls and allocates memory, prioritizes system request, controls input ans output devices, facilitates networking and manages file systems.

        An Operating system has no user interface. the user of an Operating System is an application, not a person. this explains why Operating System form a platform for other softwares of thrive on.

SUB-DIVISION OF A COMPUTER

HARDWARE: The Computer Hardware is the physical component of the computer (what you can see, touch, feel etc), including the digital circulating as distinguished from the comouter software, that execute within the hardware. the hardware of a computer is infrequently changed.

SOFTWARE: The computer consist of programmes enables the computer to perform specific task as opposed to its physical component (hardwares), which can only do the task they are written programmes that gives us a working environment.

VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF A SYSTEM

A system is a collection of inter-related component put together for a specific purpose.

ü Keyboard- An input device

ü Mouse- an Input device

ü Monitor- an Output device

ü C.P.U

ü Motherboard

CHARACTERISTICS OF A SYSTEM

·        They are inter-related

·        They have a goal

·        They are well defined (must be in orderly sequence)

·        They are interwoven (cannot work another)

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS)

DBMS is a computer software designed for the purpose of managing databases. In computing, database can be defined as a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer so that a programme can consult is to answer queries. the records retrieved in answer to queries becomes information that can be used to make decision.

VARIOUS SITES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

·        www.eye.co.uk United Kingdom businesses phone directories. etc

·        www.bigyellow.com. for businesses and people finder

·        www.bigbook.com. for North American Businessmen

INTERNET

This is seen as an electronic network of computers that includes nearly all university, document and research facility in the world. A network of computer network which operate world in using a common set of communication protocols. A global network connecting millions of computer.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE Internet AND THE internet

i. The iNTERNET can be any interconnected netwrok of computers or similar things between any organisations, group of people which may not be known or accessible to the public.

ii. The INTERNET is the kind of inter-networks or internet, in short which we are using now, ie world wide web (www). It is the largest internet we have in teh world, which comprises od trillions of computers being connected to each other, because of its size, it is very much public.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INTERNET

   I.        For Shopping

II.        Accessing Information

III.        For sending and receiving mails

IV.        For Entertainment

  V.        For Social Networking

VI.        For Online Services

VII.        For Downloading soft wares and Files

VIII.        For faster communication

DISADVANTAGES OF THE INTERNET

  I.      Theft of Personal Information

II.        Virus Threat

III.        Pornography

IV.        Spamming

INTERNET CONNECTIVITY

ü Dial up Connection (DUC): This is a form of internet access via telephone line. The client uses a modern connected to a computer and a telephone line to dial into an ISP's node to establish a modem to modem link which is then rooted to the internet. Dial up requires no addition infrastructure on top of the telephone network.

ü Point to Point Connection (PPC): It is more of wireless connection and the signal must be pointing to the same receiving and with the aid of an antenna, and the wave that carries such signal is radio wave. Each point has an antenna that receives and sends information to and from each point.

ü VSAT: It is very fast and efficient. In VSAT connection, you have the IDU and ODU (indoor unit and Outdoor unit)

ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS OF A VSAT

-IDU: Uses the modem inside the house

-ODU: Uses the dish outside which points towards the satellite

TYPES OF MODEM

·        Internal - Broadband

·        External - Dial up Services

BENEFITS OF VSAT

1.  Cost effectiveness

2.  Available in any Location

3.  Service availability

4.  Capable of sending and receiving all kinds of file document

RANGES OF CONNECTION

·        WAN (Wide Area Network): This goes beyond 1km, beyond metropolitan.

·        LAN (Local Area Network): This covers just few blocks or streets.

WEBSITE

This is a combination of webpages. Webpages are combination of audio, videos, data, images etc. a website is a collection of webpages, images, videos and other digits asset, which is hosted on a web server, usually accessible via the internet or a LAN. A webpage is a document typically written in html almost always accessible via http, a protocol that transfer information from the web server to display in the users web browser.

Websites are organized based on functions e.g.

o   A personal

o   A Non-Government

o   A Government

o   A Non-Profit Organization

o   A Blog

APACHE

        This is the most commonly used web server software (IIS Microd=soft Internet information server is also commonly used). Apache is what saves passwords and webpages in your system, that when you come back to your browaer to enter the same thing, it comes back on its own.

CATEGORIES OF WEBSITES

·        Static Website: This is the one that has webpages stored on the server in the same formats the user view them.

·        Dynamic Website: This is one that has frequently chaniging information each time a page is requested.

TYPES OF WEBSITES

ü Advertisers

ü Affiliate

ü Archives Sites

ü Blogs

ü Commerce site

ü Consumer

ü Corporate Websites

ü Google groups

ü Internet Archives

WEB DESIGN

        This is a process of conceptualization, planning, modelling and execution of electronic media delivery vis internet in teh form of mark up language suitable for interpretation by web browser and display as Graphic User Interface (GUI). Designing website can also be defined as the arrangement and creation of webpages that in turn make up a website. A web page consist of information for which the website is developed to a book, where reach page of the book is a web page.

HTML BASIS

-What do you hope to achieve by opening the website?

- Who is the audience?

-what is the content?